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lfOrESAm)TOPlCS.
^ 'irtWWdk' • KM d««e!op
Jfe-jUa^ o£<railage faeces; v §waS"Hjft,
^w3i^fer^C(3iiS>srh "\ra3lWr -centres, and
aS mfc^ilM^stfcxfrlng -some
gnrtrere to market their, fruit in better" ctra
flitiGn. Mildura is under tie greatest dis
advantage in thasi Ttspecfc, for fruit from
Melbcrarne jaiarket. Bat ^4be other.-areas
»wiy-&> en'iii*e taJken sop land almostsoiely -
*fi)r: of-' grouting-'apricots a^id
fMMr3ie6>*s'<a; main 'crop; i <<Unt2 > Stich tnueas
tbe«R«a»ftjys <*<raamissi0ii£r«:.see dktb pr»
*n$iria&r£ -tracts for Wtoutim
from catering for tie .free'HJ1fwait'tfafdii to!
beiedntbaned,' itstf-oieejbeeMSes pasaienbie
£&«•*'<beCmtEe-ao BBci'ifriijt: ;tuts become
steer-iipeii^on <iraimit^tba£ aanpia < grower
taKfcnjtebaBd «U i|tis(£riut-d»->.WE factMea,
^iitaas«tePBt»l. ftmes bBm ppjaWaat that
nzdessdfiiujapa^bnotesB canilbetann^t«t,
esdser4>rklnab1i)Bg ,tbe,£niifc ito be placed hob
:tbe anMiafet taaTasext»dijbifflady/er: ipz - pre
tradipg iiep-igerat«dioa»§iforj;lhe:!cai:riage,-of
tbfcpro; iuoejgrowers are iuanpsfeciaeesiwiser
'dbif «®«tiiiii#;iriath^wiiJ <ogfek£g»! j^^tuSiiit
vfcs.ilbbavfatftiOries.;«i 33iisfium<^i»% -awesite
jiibefsoBthtso-gro w£r all sSlwi'ad^pjgeetaf
higher macke-l .^alufcs; andtfiusajda baq.jnnn©
-atoa2l..is<<esi^e .-£ram. demanp^i:a>%^> ifrom ^(tbs
tnortbtrtn irpgateS #stori&!J*. m^-esh-miiit
°hAMxm gilatitities
-troniJ ■MilSul»;-*aai;otfe£a- .4CTfeateC; «ettle
*aep$V;feufe ipfieaiitiB ddiraeti tn • ap-mtiee
-ripe ttslie,: bn8»rfciie orchtit-disis -• ham, vio
shjmWer^te'loss,. . t •
w',sfiWj^jSirftKttAfi^3d t •' •'•
-3fo i'vX'
"'to 3Jh*igal%W<8w»jii^i^iw»Swir^%awfe"3
' "" *ia'•"•
would be fof the groWer-to be able to pick
4be.lTtpt.is; tlw cooJ."oC'-ioqr. evening,: ©r
to$y hi .the morning, aigi lo,deliver imme
diately into it refrigerating Truck, which
would''be railed 'by '-'ii fast train stnaiglit
through'- to Melbourne without''the'deteyn
■Arifiug -from; end incidental to, shunting
/and ;j3«iiging trains. The present con- '
ditipns,. sre' tbat Mildura growers are
practically limited' to consigning , on
Mondays, Tuesdays, end Wednesdays,
because fruit picked on Thursdays can
fand often does) miss the -Saturday's
markets, end has to.be carried over.Sunday.
Fruit picked on Friday canrjot be marketed
in Melbourne until Monday, nod there is
no strain deriving here on Saturday or {Sun
day. ... Thus,.stbe freshest Mildura frost a
metropolitan buyer can bemireof jiurckas
ingjoh a,Saturday'ijs fliat whjch was picked
bn tbegneen side in Mildura -on tlienne
vioxts Wednesday afternoon, and the fruit
that lie burs on Monday-was picked On the
previous Friday, afternoon, and wns mot
protected against The hot weather on ib
S30 miles journey. Tliis is inost discourag
ing, fbr' the growers, who ere anxious not
wily to extend the market end reduce their
risks, but also wish to give the buyers, the
freshest of Ircsb fruits. -'
The Mildura line lias already prayed to
be one of the best "paying in the Stale.
Its freight receipts can be still further im
proved by the fresh fruit trade being fos
tered, lor jf the fruit jts/not saLd/reali it as
dried/and:ihost ot the'weight imnislies into
thin air. It takes six to seven tons of
apricots and five to six tons of fresh peaches
to make one ton of dried fruit, and grapes"
dry out in the ratio of four to one. ThuS/by
increasing the fatalities for the transport**
fresh fruit, tlm .railways would receive
freight on several thousand more tons of
fruit thtm thev do now—the present ship
ment a of fresh fruit would multtplr, toe
growerwould be encouraged to wake & regu
lar feature of bis fresh fruit, and the con
sumer would depend on regular arrivals
on tbc market. The improvement®
which Mildura is urging the tommis
uiomets to make are: — 1. Regular daily
test trains. J.. Abolition of the changes
at Maryborough and . "CaBtlemaine,
which entail ahunting and its attend
ant delays. 3. Installation of refrigerating
trucks for the transport'-of' fresh friab».
The present 23 kburs jonrney makes thn
conaigmnent of fi'esa fruits * gamble,
whereas the granting of some—even if mot
all—of these requests would be in .the in
terests of Mildusw as * fniit-uicdweing
settlement, and of Victorians as fruit- torn
aamers. ■ • -
A ' PRACTICAJBI.E SCHEMK.
:. The question of the transit difficulties i*
not so easily solved by the mere demand for
refrigerated trucks and special trains. , The
fruit ivlien picked would be of a tempera
ture of, approximately 90. degrees, ond the
shock caused by placing perishable produce
of tja?® nature into a truck in which the
temperature was. 40 degrees, or even . lower,
allowing ,it to remain there for the best
part, of a day, and then unloading it during
hot .weather, and placing it on tlte market
would.scarcely improve the eituation. Such .
fruit would be apt to go oil rapidly, and
retailers would often bad the amount or
waste too .great. Should lliis happen, this
distributing section would be' inclined to
give ^preference to fruit which had not
.passed through so trying an ordeaL JTeTer
ihetess. ithere is no reason why the refrigera
ted car sbauldnot play a laigjc pari'ih de
livering the fruit in sound bondttion. Tliis
would be possible if: Mildura and other
detUemmte Buffering under these disadvan
tages /had. their. jms «opl. ntores. .. With
such buddings the fruit could be taken from
the grower, placed in store for a sdfficieht
period lo enable it to'be cooled down to,
gay 50 degrees, '-or sufficiently so to par
tially check thei ripening, process, and then
teamtetred to. the refrigerated car. If ire
dnt-ed tolower teeriperafaiireg"in 'the ifere,
"the refrigerated raid could iheh be iised to
serve the purpose of a Jfcenraeratipg cham
ber, so.that, .onarrijal, in Melbourne, the.
fruit "could be" unloaded and'placed diwet ®n
The mai'ket. without, fear of injury or .-col
lapse. txperifini^ hpis plainly Shown that
:fruit canobt be •srfb'jei?tcd to extremes
temperature without gtm* risk, and, • mg&e
'Ov$r,.ifyt,ii to masntainite condition over
the iwo'or three days? before it. is soldnjod
.consiuhfid,. it requires''to'to'ienapeiiitol
aftei" being taken cbt of the to(3'Thhmuier.
Such -a scheme woffid he thoroughly work
able, and .could be.initiated at a finding' tost
to . toe grower-j' In the caseof. Mdhjluira ,an3
such, .settlements. where grapes are g23W»,
thtese stores, blight ,be" 'kept In service lot
about nine jhorittis.bf'theyear iirith adraa
t'a'ge to The' pro3uOer.':, '1By ' the;,tanJe; the
graj«s are.ready tor harvcKtiBg the apricot
.and ipeatb -cavjp is. almost wei/. there being
poly afew/.late sarieties.to hauortot:. prapes.
apples, and pears eonld then be held Wff
forthis^late' iiiarkets;;' ^rhpeS irtitik abOHt
August; arid the other ifruitsaintilfieptembw
and October,, when high prioes^rede; Oranges
might ,be held back until Korember and
JfcSember- " buch storto. werad be hf eos
.sideto|de:'value .ha' tiding nvrir' a' ghdtril
market, and; hrith the' aw-tif refrigferirteiii
bars .during the: summer months;;? would
gin .jafesolwle, .control ,:<rf.,„jthe
rnarkehjv" - r.; '
- < i: A lUKB ICAA" f. ■ A !•*> I AOS. .ifir
The' 'pftofepbct.^pf Ahihritoh''!>bpie-grtoibjfo
hj^ihg'to'rebwy toe'ehdtfa^^ofTrmt dhb;
ri)hiin^i;y'eaf-:iis not:^rritf:- 'WhSfe -
It'tf i0edi4KhV!!3wit Jh'^eE'wsfi'-be1' S"tohsider
^aJ$rfJ%o^iUttil'i,ipT'. ffhfS1 WfaWj
^ejb^drri^'
rmaifeets^cextohtoised. is^ tssryes^t® .itheir
sful! stoop this isenson-, ;'-i3h«^rajiplesr.'aad
'•jjgflb '.Are''hKug 'Wa^lteted'^ftoni '/
^|rd#!iiIsil^'^a'dJofs,r;! *,!to
yield<wa!l.gat.hevp^.next. ^easou^.jjltod'
•W6.» Vftoarigs, jhe,l{5s^oete- ;.
tapus; jpppe. jnst jpjLHoi',,to bjoaromgi.
&entomei into,
cpbl-stored ..
figures miow that tlip^mgrsca
being dealt -with exceeds'"hEiS"j
kiabi^ipyiitl^
figures, showing the totaa praau
i-ia:'

tioii la%«eaR l» T4&0Op,tXK) busjmfy; The
estimated pfcb'drictionOT 1913 for the impor

tant States, and the estimate for 1014, made -
from-condition ofcrop on Aurim^ 1, is, given
as followers in 'Warmers' Bulletin 015, re
cently issued by the United States Govern

ment. , . ,

■ - ■ s. i ■ Bushels. Bushels.

" ; . 1914. 1913.

United'States .... 510,300,000 145,410,00ft
Maine .. .. .. 5,500,000 3,000,000
New York .. .. 36,000,000 19,o06,000
1., Pennsylvania .; ... 19.500,000 10,200,000

, Virginia 12,300.000 5,200,000
3 >v- Virginia .. .. '10,300,000 1,000,000

Wo :. 101500,000 • 4,890,000

! 1 :Mifhigan .. .. .; 13,100,000 ' 'S.900,000 •
-! „• Illinois 4.100,000 8.200,000

, ... Missouri 11.700,-000 7.900,090 ; ■
; Arkansas 4,000,000 4,000,000

Washington .... 7,600,000 6,900,000
California .. 1. ,. 5,800,000 3,000,000

DRIED CHERRIES FOR WINTER

USE.

Now tliat cherries are being forwarded
to market, aud that a number of later varie
ties will make this fruit available for ano
ther month or two, the following particu
lars regarding the home curing of the fruit
which appeared in the Sacramento "Bee" is
likely to be of value. Gharries, preserved
according to recipes of the olden days, may
be used as a confection or in place of raisins
in cakes, pies, puddings, and pudding
sauces. Packed in tin boxes or cans, with
a sprinkling of granulated sugar between
the layers, they will keep a long time. To
prepare the sweet, dried cherries, pit the

fruit, and allow a quarter of a pound of .
granulated white sugar to a pound of fruit.
Put the sugar and cherries together in-a
kettle, and cook until tender, but not until
the fruit is soft. Skim out the fruit, and
spread it oh graniteware plates or on
earthenware plates. Boil the juice down
until it is,as thick as molasses. Divide it

among the plates. Stir the plates of fruit'
frequently." If the plates are set in the
sun. cover with netting, or, even better,
if they are put in a . slow oven, with the
door left open, the juice will be taken, up
by the fruit more quickly. When the

>ed the ch

,. - - ■—-—- •••«»« . i * uc.u. mc

juice is quite absorbed the cherries will be
ready to pack away. If the cherries are
large firm, and meaty, a little granulated
sugar mixed with them will cause them to
separate, and they may be used ip home
made candies, much as candied cherries

a're.

"Peaches and plums may be dried in the
sarnie way. They form more, of a paste,
but are..fine for cakes and pies.

Uherries pitted, laid on plates,... and
sprinkled with sugar, dry nicely for winter

use.

FRUIT ARRIVALS.

Arrivals of fruit at Spencer street last
week compare with those for. the corre
sponding week last year as follows:— „

. 1913. 1914.

. Cases. Cases.

Apples . «7i . 368 .
Cherries 84 138
Cooseberries : .. 31 '

lemons . 974 ; ' - 1,005
Oranges 9,383 7,900.
Passion Fruit 19

Strawberries .. .... 76
Tomatoes ............ 102. .92

Total 10.864 9,579

ITEMS.

A few orchards situated under the shel

ter of the. Plenty Ranges, escaped the frost-,
last month, and.are likely to carry mode-1
rately good crops of peaches.

At Brtirnsdale the. apple crop , has set
fairly well. The Jonathans are'bearing
well, aud most other varieties are likely to
yield crops quite up to those of previous
years.- ' "

A peculiar condition of fliis, season's
growth is the fact that many. Jonathan
trees are now showing a further" cfop of

scattered bloom. It is scarcely likely, that,
the blossom will set. ; 7

Inspector Hammond 'reports^That the,

categvillais aiid the; cutworm jmbtbsare .
numerous in the-orchards' ofrthe Boncaster
district. It has been found necessary, to
spray -many young Trees, without...sign of
fruit with arsenate of lead to prevent, the
destruction of the foliage, - , 1

The second spraying Tor codhn moth, on
the .pears is in progress, and is bring-well
carried out. ^Peara ieenerally-'harriTi7 suffi
cient'crop to make it"wbrtli thh while, of

grower^ to spray..''.J-','-- ■!'

Oh .the h'ligaticitt Settjeinen^ Hie; growth.-.

of the c-itrus trees has been marked,since:

the'bpt weaiherset ia, L-Onlym few points'

of train ,#ell over some- bfi-these areas last
week. - • - - i; .— '"v'.

Atltu therjgl en just/b ver;76'jmiq tfi of fain
fell 'a: fpit night ago, * jTjffSWyilk.dp jiuieh;
towafds ^arrring oVer. the rihes/iijtjJ, the.
en^'iqf, Jyqvember,: aijid r, ~~

«—••• --*■! Jain;even.in...Decen»
ber aoQielwitte a eropi? -. - . - .

f.r->9 ,-.} .r.i-jiVlt ni U ■■•r.W.U.C
Reports from Yaeknndandah. whew otily
a small area of trees is growrf. ihdicate ftat,

t!i<*&bp $ fruit istairly good. j"TVe frosw;

. ;Chal«h

being<W'hd- jrijthe.; young ithe1*
eggs . of the pest .are uunierous-in many
localities. Spraying, therefore, is as neces

sary this scaspp as jn veara when full ernpa...
are -proHHsed: ■

**The Government entomologist reports
U»l tl„

Its appear'anifeniil ordifcHR. i0ddMkrower
States that he dug out and

the insects Troin -depositing tliejr eggs oh
Hid bark * —"~

HaVlflBffnJauflfc nveTgciitiful in Gipps
land <&g|^n^TijJ^|atta^^ thh

young
ndefc

anc
. ttie

1hUt

$