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The End of the Ottoman Empire
Without a map it is not easy to realise
the meaning or effect of the cutting up of
Turkey.
In Europe, Greece gets all Macedonia
and Roumelia, except the pemnffuLi be-
tween the Sea of Marmora and the Black
Sea. Why Greece should be eo liberally re
warded is difficult to understand, but M.
Venezelos- it is believed, secured the sup
port of Mr. Lloyd George. .The French
apparently did not object, but insisted on
the Sultan a retention of Constantinople.
The Italians bitterly oppose <Lny increase
of territory to Greece, fearing that
Greece might develop, with a much in
creased population, into a Medatenuiiean
naviil Power. There may be trouble1 be
tween Italy and Greece over the matter.
The Dardanelles can only bo neutral pro
vided some of thc Allies provide a carri-
son.
In Asia Minor there is nominally a small
reduction of Turkish sovereignty. Actually,-
Turkey will control barely half of Asia
Minor. The, region south of Adana, Mar-
ash, Urfa, Diabakr, with Syria, becomes
a French mandate; Palestine and Meso
potamia are British mandates. North of
the line Adana-Diabekr is the new Ar
menian . republic, the western boundary
being roughly a line from the Adana plain
towards Batum, the eastern boundary being
a line from Diabekr north to Alount
Ararat, and thence to Batum. »
Fast a and north- of the east boundary of
Armenia is Kurdistant, which may become
a new State. Bnt the Kurds have no idea
of anything bnt a patriarchal tribal organ
isation. They cannot stand without guid-
anre in modern methods of government.
The Greeks get the use of Smyrna, where
there are large British interests. Turkey
w to be the owner, but most not touch
7t- To the east is a largo belt, to he an
Italian mandate, and extends from the
south of the Dardanelles to the Mediter
ranean on the Adalia. coast. Apparently
the mandate covers the districts of Aidin,
Adalia, Konich, an area of 60,000 square
miles. This was understood to be pro
mised to Italy. Turkey is left with the
central plain of Anatolia, which is mostly
inhabrted by Ottomans, with a sea front
on the Black Sea and Sea of Marmara,
and jiossibly a little strip between the
French and Italian mandatory areas.
Egypt passes to Great Britain, also thc
nominal Egyptian eo -ownership of the Sou
dan granted by Grcart Britain after the
Anglo-Egyptian re-conquest of 1898-9. The
conditional lease of Cyprus, 1878, m afford-
in protection to Turkey in Asia and a pay
ment of" surplus fnnds ends; that island be
comes British. Thc Jews can settle freely
in Palestine, bnt will neither organise nor
control it.
In is believed Greece secures all tbe
zEgean Islands except Rhodes and two of
thc southern Spiraais, in Italian occupa
tion, which go to Italy. This was to give
something which may be mado "compensa
tion" between Italy and Greece in regard
to Albanian claims.
The population the Snltan can control is
said to be about 6,000,000. " It will be quite
impossible for him to keep an army of
50,000, as ho will not havo enough men or
money.
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