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-~~~~~ , 6 N:2i22 1f
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FRENCN AG E M1N?
Australian Associated Press
LONDON, January 26.-Mr. Churchill and President
Roosevelt have just completed a secret 10-day conference
at Casablanca, in Morocco.
r/
News of the meeting was released for the-first time today
simultaneously throughout the world.
The Allied leaders announced their "complete agreement"
on war plans for 1943 to bring about the "unconditional surren
der" of the Italians, Germans, and Japanese..
They conferred in a small white villa overlooking the Atlantic in the
most beautiful residential area of Casablanca, which was the' scene of
bitter fighting before it was captured by the Americans from the French
only 11. weeks ago.
President Roosevelt flew to Morocco, his first flight since 1932. He.
is the iirst American President since Abraham Lincoln to have visited an
active war zone. The British Prime Minister also travelled by air.
M. Stalin was invited to attend the conference, but he was unable to
do so because of the necessity of remaining in Russia during the. present
offensive. Both he and the Chinese leader (Marshal Chiang Kai-shek)
were kept informed of the discussions.
Mr. Churchill and Mr. Roosevelt met General de Gaulle, the Fighting
French leader, and General Giraud, French High Commissioner for North
Africa.
The French leaders concurred with the decisions made, and expressed
agreement between themselves.
At the conference renewed determination was expressed to give a0ll
possible aid to Russia and China. President Rooseveylt:?aid that.the Rus
sian offensive could bCe Conted'-n.on to contnue ^- .o a n Gernp ioW ~an
power and force them to expend their munitions.: ,
Mr. Churchill referred to heavy actions pmnding; and both agreed that
the Allied objective in the Pacific was to stop Japan forever from dominat
ing it. They described the conference as the most important they had
ever witnesed or attendea.
Day and U ght eetnas
Attended The
Conference
ADMIRAL SIR DUDLEY POUND, Chief of the British Naval Staff. Help
ADMIRAL SIR DUDLEY POUND,
Chief of the British Naval Staff.
GENERAL SIR ALAN BROOKE, Chief of t-he Imperial General Stoft. Help
GENERAL SIR ALAN BROOKE,
Chief of t-he Imperial General
Stoft.
AIR CHIEF-MARSHAL SIR CHARLES PORTAL, Chief of the British Air Staff. Help
AIR CHIEF-MARSHAL SIR
CHARLES PORTAL, Chief of the
British Air Staff.
VICE-ADMIRAL LORD LOUIS MOUNTBATTEN, British Chief of Combined Operations. Help
VICE-ADMIRAL LORD LOUIS
MOUNTBATTEN, British Chief of
Combined Operations.
GENERAL G. MARSHALL, Chief of the United States Army Staff. Help
GENERAL G. MARSHALL, Chief
of the United States Army Staff.
ADMIRAL E. J. KING, Conm mander-in-Chief of U.S. Navy. Help
ADMIRAL E. J. KING, Conm
mander-in-Chief of U.S. Navy.
LIEUTENAN-'.GENERAL H. H. ARNOLD, Chief of U.S. Army Air Forces, Help
LIEUTENAN-'.GENERAL H. H.
ARNOLD, Chief of U.S. Army
Air Forces,
u4EMBERS of the combined
SChiefs of Staff Committee and
the Chiefs of Staff of the British
and American Armies accom
panied Mr. Churchill and President
Roosevelt.
The British Commander-in
Chief in the Middle.East (Gene
ral Sir Harold Alexander) and
the Allied commander in Tunisia
(Lieutenant-General Elsenhower)
were "visitors."
The British party included the
Chief of the Naval Staff (Admiral
of the Fleet Sir Dudley Pound),
Chief of the Imperial General Staff
(General Sir Alan Brooke), Chief
of the Air Staff (Air Chief-Marshal
Sir Charles Portal), Chief of Com
bined Operations (Vice-Admiral
Lord Louis Mountbatten), and
Field-Marshal Sir John Dill, Chief
of the British Military Mission in
America.
In President Roosevelt's party
were the Chief of Staff of the U.S.
Army (General Marshall), the
Commander-in-Chief of the Navy
(Admiral King), the Chief of the
U.S. Army Air Forces (Lieutenant
General Arnold), and the Presi
dent's Lend-Leave adviser (Mr.
Harry Hopkins).
Others who took part in the
various meetings were General
Montgomery, .Commander of the
8th Army, and Air Chief-Marshal
Sir Arthur Tedder, Vice-Chief of
Air Staff.
President Roosevelt visited
American troops in the field and
placed a wreath on the graves
of French and American soldiers
and sailors killed in the recent
fighting.
President Roosevelt revealed at
a press conference that the meeting
was suggested in December, be
cause the success of the. Allied
landings in North Africa made a
further. meeting :necessary. He
then asked "Winston."
Mr. Churchill declared that hoth
ing which happened throughout
the war: .could come between him
arid the President. :They .were
liniked b.y a friendship which was
one of the Al!ies' strongest sinews
of war,. ,making possible things
which otherwise. Wtvould be impos-.
sible. betweeri the :heads of Allied
nations.. '
The Prime Miinister said that
the military leaders worked con-:
tinuotisly day anmd night, review
ing the plans for 1943 with a
thoroughness . and comprehen
siveness never before witnessed.
He was sure that most excellent
results would be forthcoming, and
regretted that M. Stalin and Mar
shal Chiang Kai-shek were. unable
to attend because of the exigencies
of the wai ..
President. Roosevelt emphasised
that in very intimate circum
stances . the Chiefs. of Staff lite
rally discissed the whole world as
required by the strategy for global
war.
E inotion of Axis Po
]3R. Churchill told newspaper
correspondents that it was the
most important war conference he
had ever witnessed or attended.
They reached Ithe conclusion
that the world's peace could be
attained only by the total elimi
nation of German and Japanese
power, which meant uncondi
tional surrender by the Axis.
'President Roosevelt said that
the Casablanca conference might
be aptly termed the "unconditional
surrender" meeting between Mr.
Churchill and himself. *
This did not mean the destruc
tion of the population of the Axis
countries, but the destruction of
their philosophy of hate, fear, and
subjugation of others.
The military advisers of the Al
lied leaders kept two primary con
siderations before them, President
Roosdvelt told the press confer
ence.
The first was the principle of
pooling Allied resources on a
4vorld-wide basis, and the second
was the maintaining of Allied
initiative throughout the world.
He added that a world-wide
offensive would be vigorously pro
secuted and all possible aid would
be given to Russia.
At the same time, he said, the
Russian offensive could be counted
on to! continue to cut down Ger
man manpower and continue the
attrition of German munitions and
material, which they were already
expending at an enormous rate.
The conference also renewed
the determination to render all
possible aid to China.
Mr. Churchill praised the great
enterprise of the African attack, in
which he described himself as
President Roosevelt's willing lieu
tenant. The attack, he said, had
altered the war's whole strategic
outlook.
"It placed the initiative in our
hands, and now that we have
that precious sovereign treasure
in our hands we must labor hard
to keep it," he said.
none Help
The Prime Minister declared that
Hitler had been hoodwinked, out
generalled, and out-manoeuvred by
the North African enterprise.
Rommel, having fled 1,500 miles,
probably now wished to present
himself as the deliverer of Tunisia.
At this stage President Roose
velt said that as he and Mr.
Churchill were meeting in North
Africa, it seemed a good opportu
nity for General de Gaulle and
General Giraud to meet as one
Frenchman to another.
They conferred for two days,
working with one objective-the
liberation of France. He ex
pressed the hope that, as a result
of the meeting, the French armies,
navies, and a:ir forces would again
take part with the Allies and
share in the ultimate liberation
of France.
Mr.- Churchill, his, cigar unlit,
intervened and said that the re
sults of the conference would give
Allied troops 'their best chance of
victory.
Referring to a recent speech by
Hitler, he recalled that the German
leader said he never knew what to
expect from the Allies' untrained
military men. "Nevertheless, heavy
actions are pending," Mr. Church
ill added.
The press conference following
the meetings was most informal.
ft was held on the lawn of a lovely
villa with President Roosevelt, Mr.
Churchill, and Gens. de Gaulle and
Giraud sitting in a semi-circle sur
rounded by about 60 British and
American correspondents and
photographers.
The four posed for pictures,
and then as the photographers
snapped de Gaulle and Giraud
s~haking hands, President RLoose
velt remarked, "This is a historic
moment."
. The generals then withdrew.
(Continued on Page 2)

'· · ·
~ I~~~~·GB~k&··~.~~~SEV~"~LT

•WllAstraip A Se cres
Australian. Associated Press

LONDON, January 26.-lnformoality marked the con
versations between Mr. Chulrchill and President Roosevelt
when the British and. United States leaders met at a holi
day resort near Casablanca in French Morocco.
Their arrival was a well-kept secret, and even the men
of an American regiment on duty got their first know
ledge of their President's arrival when they saw him
smiling from a jeep.

A SMALL party of British and
American officers welcomed
MVr. Churchill at the landing
ground at Casablanca.
A second plane arrived with
other Britons. The American
Chief of Staff had arrived half an
hour earlier, and the remainder of
the Britons followed within the
hour.
Mr. Churchill motored to a
small holiday resort near Casa
:rlanca, where a dozen villas in
surrounding hills had been requi
sitioned for the conference.
Without losing a minute, Mr.
Churchill discussed the procedure
for the series of meetings with the
informality that characterised all
talks between Mr. Churchill and
President Roosevelt, whether at
neals or in conference.
Mr. Churchill dined at President
Roosevelt's villa, after which they
:alked until 3 a.m.
The little resort-was the scene
of unwonted a.ctivity. Scores of
anti-aircraft guns had been
brought to the area, the black
out was perfect, and armed
guards were everywhere.
The French population and sol
liers were very surprised when
:hey learned the identity of thel
listinguished visitors. The meet-,
ngs between General Giraud and
General de Gaulle were at first
inly rumored. Even correspon
dents were unable to confirm their
conference for a time. One press_

man says he was told that if he
went near a certain villa he would
be shot.
President Roosevelt's presence
in Africa was not even suspected
by an American Iregiment. When
he soldiers sax a convoy of
limousines, escorted by scout cars,
armed with heavy machine-guns
approaching, some of the men
growled, "Another bunch of brass
hats."
Then the man with the famous
smile-Roosevelt-passcd, riding
in a jeep, and the men of the
whole regiment, who could
hardly believe their own eyes,
suiled back.
Scores of fighter planes formed
an umbrella over the convoy, and
roads and bridges were specially
guarded.
President Roosevelt dined with
the Sultan of Morocco and his son,
and found them whole-heartedly
for the Allies. Among visitors to
the President were the French
General Nogues, also Admiral
Michelier, commander of the
French Fleet which fought against
the Allied landings in North
Africa.
The Germans thought that Mr.
Churchill was in Washington.
Berlin Radio for the past few
days has been saying that his visit
there showed how burning Anglo
American. differences had become.
The Berlin paper, "Volkischer
Beobachter" said that Churchill
and Roosevelt were discussing
Stalin's intention to provoke a
Bolshevik world revolution.

From a Special Representative of "The News"

CASABLANCA, January 24.-To
day I met President Roosevelt.
Mir. Churchill, and Generals de
Gaulle and Giraud, who have just
concluded the most momentous
conference of the war.
NoMt the least of their accom
plishments is the unity of all
Frenchmen fighting the Axis.
Summoned from the front, war
correspondents gathered here to
meet and listen to the leaders of
the' two great nations in a garden
where on the lawn their two chairs
were arranged. It was only when
they spoke that we knew that, but
for the great Russian offensive
which he is personally directing,
the third figure at the conference
would have been M. Stalin, and
that but for the difficulty of dis
tance China's great leader, Marshal
Chiang Kai-shak, would have made
the fourth.

But both Russia and.China were
present in, spirit, for every move
in this great 10-day conference has
been conveyed to them and has
their approval.
We were not left long in sus
pense. The President and Mr.
Churchill came out, followed by
Generals Giraud and de Gaulle.
These two French soldiers, walking
on the lawn together, gave visible
proof that the goal of a united
France was indeed becoming a
reality. Cameras clicked and
flashed while the movie cameras
whirled in the hot sunshine.
The President and the Prime
Minister were obviously at home,
but the two generals seemed
slightly embarrassed, as twice they
stood to shake hands.
Then they withdrew, leaving us
to our leaders--"the Admiral and
the Commodore" as they have
come to be known to their own
staffs in these past 10 days..

~~~2a~lipie ~u~snP~~enee~

?THE President gave us a brief
review of recent events.
Surely, he said, such a meeting as
this place has been witnessing
was unprecedented in history.
The whole world had come under
survey. No conference in World
War I. ever approached this in
magnitude and importance.
The President paid eloquent tes
timony to the magnificent spirit
permeating the Russian Army and
to the courage of China, now in
her sixth year of war.
He raised the first laugh when
he said that General U. S. Grant
was khown to his :generation as
"General Unconditional Surren
der." That would be a good
name for the conference, he
added.
Then Mr. Churchill .spoke. He
started by saying how fully and
completely he was in agreement
with the President, and their
mutual affection and respect were
self-evident to all of us. He paid
a simple and affectionate tribute
to the President.
The Prime Minister said that
Rommel's retreat and General
Montgomery's pursuit brought
to mind the nursery rhyme
"Everywhere that Mary went,
that lamb was sure to go."
Before the press conference be
gan, the President invited the cor
respondents to sit on the grass in a
semi-circle in front of the chairs.
He breathed the very spirit of
homeliness and kindness, and he
began to speak by. expressing his
sorrow at the death of a corres
pondent, Eddie Baudry, 'of the
Canadian Broadcsaitng Corpora
tion.

He was in a plane, which turned
in bad weather to make a landfall
at a Spanish MorOccan port which
the pilot had mistaken for a
French Moroccan port. The
ground defences opened fire, and
Baudry was mortally wounded.
CHURCHILL'S 5
JOURNEYS
SIS was the fifth time that Mr.
Churchill has left England
since war began. In April. 1941,
he crossed the-Atlantic in the ill
fated battleship Prince of Wales,
and in American waters conferred
with President Roosevelt.
The outcome of this historic
meeting-was the Atlantic Charter
-a joint Anglo-American declara
tion of principles upon which a
better world should be based
"after the final destruction of Nazi
tyranny."
Then on December 23, 1941, he
arrived in America. in the battle
ship Duke of York. After a series
of'war conferences with the Presi
dent, he went to Canada, and then
returned to Washington. He flew
home--piloting the plane Dart of
the way-and landed in England
on January 17, 1942.
Six months later (June 18) Mr.
Churchill was again in Washing
ton for another conferencewith
President Roosevelt on "the war,
the conduct of the war, and the
winning of the war."
He had.hardly returned to Eng
land when he was off again . (in
July) for the Middle East and Mos
cow. He conferred with Stalin in
Moscow from August 12 to 15 and
reached .England again on August
24. He was.in Cairo. twice

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