English, Unpublished edition: Lt. Colonel Rachel (Rae) Diane Landy papers undated, 1913-2000 Landy, Rachel (Rae) DianeLt. Colonel1884-1952

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  • collectionmanuscriptmixed material
  • Archival materials
  • Finding aidsaat
Language
  • English

Edition details

Title
  • Lt. Colonel Rachel (Rae) Diane Landy papers undated, 1913-2000
Creator
  • Landy, Rachel (Rae) DianeLt. Colonel1884-1952
Physical Description
  • collectionmanuscriptmixed material
  • Archival materials
  • Finding aidsaat
Subjects
Notes
  • Rachel Diane Landy Papers consist of correspondence, reminiscences, legal documents, journal, newspaper and magazine articles and color Xerox copies of photographs as well as original photographs. This collection is of value to researchers studying the history of Hadassah and the living conditions and state of medical care in Palestine during the second decade of the 20th century. It is also of interest to researchers studying women in America during the first half of the 20th century who were able to pursue a challenging and productive career and become a leader and innovator in their chosen field. In addition it will be of interest to those researching the graduates of the Cleveland public and professional schools at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, and the Cleveland Jewish community and the George Crile U.S. Army Hospital in Cleveland during the 1940's.
  • Folder 4: Recollections and Speech for Hadassah, 1937, 1944. Landy's reminiscents of her 1913-1915 experiences in Palestine, 1937. Landy's speech presented on the 25th anniversary of the founding of Hadassah as it was broadcast via overseas phone from the Philippine Islands to New York City, 1937. Copy of the photograph taken during the broadcast, 1937. Talk given by Landy at Hadassah convention, 1944. Folder 5: Articles covering the Palestine health project, 1968-1977. Articles from journals, magazines and newspapers covering the 1913-1915 Palestine health project, 1968-1997. Folder 6: Army career, 1918-1945. Army service record, 1918-1945. Medical records 1939-1945. Letters of commendation, 1939. Editorials and articles covering Landy's World War II career at Crile Army Hospital in Cleveland 1944-1945. Color Xerox copies of photographs taken during Landy's army career 1921-1945. Folder 7: Speeches for recruitment and Hadassah, undated, 1941-1944. Recruitment talks delivered by Landy for the United States Army Nurse Corpse, undated, 1941-1944. Talk presented to Hadassah members at Bond Rall, undated. Folder 8:Honors, Memorials, Map of Graves, 1937, 1944, 1952, 1990, 1999. Honors, obituaries memorials and reminiscents, 1937, 1944, 1952, 1990, 1999. Map of Arlington National Cemetery with Landy's grave indicated and photograph of grave marker. Folder 9: Photographs, undated, 1938, 1943, 1945, 1951, 2000.
  • Mrs. Evelyn Rosenblum
  • Rachel Diane Landy was a nursing pioneer in the development of health serves in Palestine under the auspices of Hadassah, 1913-1915, and a U.S. army nurse who served in World War I through World War II, eventually achieving the rank of Lt. Colonel. She was born in 1884 in Sirvintai, Lithuania, the fourth of the seven children of Jacob and Eva Trotsky Landsman. Her father, one of eleven brothers from Kovna, Lithuania, was a sofer (scribe). When he learned in 1888 that a sofer was needed in northern Ohio, he left for America to escape the crushing burdens of persecutions and economic deprivation. He brought Eva and his children to Cleveland, Ohio in 1890, where he established himself as a sofer, teacher and religious leader. Eva helped to organize the Cleveland Hebrew Orthodox Old Age Home (now Menorah Park) and together, Eva and Jacob founded the first Hebrew book store in Northern Ohio. The family name had been changed to Landy from Landsman by Jacob's older brother when he arrived in America. He advised his brothers to do the same as they emigrated so they would be more accepted in America and hopefully encounter less anti-semitism. Rachel attended Brownell Elementary School and Central High School in Cleveland. She began nurse training at Cleveland City Hospital, completing her studies in 1904 at the newly founded Jewish Women's Hospital (became Mt. Sinai Hospital). One year of study at the Cleveland College of Physicians and Surgeons either proceeded or followed her nursing education. After graduation she worked in Cleveland with Dr. George Crile as an operating room nurse and served on several of his private cases. In 1907 she began her association with Harlem Hospital in New York City where by 1912 at age 28, she became the assistant superintendent of nurses.
  • In 1913, Ms. Landy was recruited by Henrietta Szold, the founder of Hadassah, to begin a visiting nurse program in Palestine to be sponsored by the newly organized women's organizaton. She was joined by nurse Rose Kaplan, and together they established a program in Jewish schools in Jerusalem that would treat Trachoma, a serious eye disease then common among the children of Palestine. The nurses created a training program for midwives and a settlement house and clinic to teach nursing skills and provide medical treatment. The visiting nurse program took them into the homes of the impoverished Jews of Jerusalem. After Landy and Kaplan were able to prove that they were not the missionary nun nurses that these families had encountered, they were able to offer counseling, medical treatment and when needed, food, milk and clothing for the newborn infants they had helped deliver. Working under very difficult conditions with limited supplies, equipment, funds and personnel, the two nurses were able to lay the foundation of Hadassah's medical work in Palestine. World War I and the blockade of Palestine temporarily ended the program, and in November 1915 Rae Landy returned to Cleveland to nurse her seriously ill parents. Moving to New York City in 1916, Landy became assistant superintendent of nurses at Fordham Hospital and in 1917 she was appointed superintendent of nurses at the Montefiore Home County Sanitarium in Bedford Hills, New York. On July, 1918, during World War I she entered the United States Army Nursing Corps. During her career in the army she was stationed in Coblenz, Germany and Antwerp, Belgium. Following the end of the first world, she served as chief nurse at the army base in the Philippine Islands from 1936 to 1938 and at various army installations throughout the United States.
  • She served at the White House in 1924 during the serious illness of President Calvin Coolidge's son. In 1940 Landy became one of the four assistant superintendents of the Army Nurse Corps and was stationed on Governors Island in New York Harbor and was eventually promoted to Lt. Colonel. Her final assignment in 1943, at her own request, was in her hometown of Cleveland, Ohio as the chief of nurses at the newly establishd Crile Army Hospital in Cleveland. Landy noted that she had come full circle. Her first nursing position was with Dr. George Crile and her final one was at a hospital named for Dr. Crile. She retired from the army in 1945 but continued with her work in nurse recruitment. Rachel Diane Landy died in Cleveland on March 5, 1952 and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery in Washington D.C.
  • niece of Rachel Diane Landy
  • NHPRCCAT - rc
Language
  • English
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