In 1991, following the break-up of the Soviet Union, the three small Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania rejoined the world community of nation-states. This struggle for national self-determination was not new, however: indeed, for the Baltic peoples, it has been a recurring theme throughout the twentieth century. In the first part of this book we examine the development of this national awakening and the establishment of these nation-states during the interwar years, and how, despite loss of independence, fifty years of incorporation into the Soviet Union did not mean an end to national dissent. In the second part we examine the more recent transition towards Baltic national self-determination, the role that local nationalisms played in this resurgence, and the problems that all three countries now face in having resecured their political status as sovereign states.
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